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education which was suitable to his promising talents. The good bishop finding this representation well founded, took young Hooker under his protection, settled a pension upon him, which, with a small contribution from his uncle, enabled him to support himself respectably at Oxford, where he entered at Corpus Christi College, in 1567.

In 1571, he lost his benevolent patron; though his place was fortunately supplied by Dr. Cole, president of the college, and Dr. Edwyn Sandys, bishop of London, and afterwards archbishop of York. He had been so favourably represented by bishop Jewel to Sandys, that he sent his son to Oxford, though himself had been of Cambridge, that he might have the advantage of becoming the pupil of Hooker. He had also another pupil of note in Cranmer, the grand nephew of archbishop Cranmer the martyr, with both of whom his friendship was intimate, and lasting.

He was elected, in 1577, fellow of his college, and about two years after, was appointed deputy-professor of Hebrew, the professor have ing become deranged.

Soon after his taking orders, in 1581, he had the misfortune to preach at St. Paul's Cross, in London, where, by the arts of a designing woman in whose house he lodged for a few days, he was inveigled into a marriage with her daughter, which proved the source of disquietude to him throughout life.

Driven now from his fellowship and college, he supported himself with difficulty till the year 1584, when he was presented by John Cheny, Esq. to the rectory of Drayton Beauchamp, in Buckinghamshire, where he continued about a year, when by the interest of Sandys, his patron, he was made Master of the Temple. But this situation neither accorded with his temper nor his literary pursuits, and he petitioned the archbishop of Canterbury to be removed to "some quiet parsonage." He obtained his desire, and in 1591, the rectory of Boscomb, in Wiltshire, was conferred upon him. The same year, he was likewise presented to the prebend of Nether-Haven, in the church of Sarum, of which he was also made sub-dean. In 1595, he removed to Bishop's-Bourne, in Kent, to the rectory of which he was presented by queen Elizabeth;

and here he spent the remainder of his life. He died in 1600, from an accidental illness, when he was only forty-seven years of age.

Hooker's great work is his "Ecclesiastical Polity." The most accurate account of the tracts, &c. which gave birth to it, is given by Mr. Beloe, and is as follows:

"Neither Walton, in his Life of Hooker, nor bishop Gauden, nor many others, that give an account of Hooker and his writings, ́make mention of the particular books or tracts which gave occasion to his writing the Ecclesiastical Polity. Whitgift had written an answer to the Admonition to the Parliament, and thereby engaged in a controversy with Thomas Cartwright, the supposed author of it. Hooker, in this his excellent work, undertook the defence of our ecclesiastical establishment, against which Cartwright appears to have been the most powerful of all the opponents.

"Accordingly, we find throughout his work, references to T. C. lib. P. but citing no book by its proper title, we are at a loss at this day to know with whom he was contending. It is therefore necessary to state the controversy, the order whereof is this:

"Admonition to the Parliament, viz. the first

and second, in a small duodecimo volume. No date or place.

"An Answer to an Admonition to the Parliament, by John Whitgift, D. of Divinitie, 4to. printed by Bynneman, 1572.

"1. A Replie to the Answer, by T. C. no date or place. 4to. N. B. Of this there are two editions, differing in the order of numbering the pages.

"A Second Answer of Whitgift, as must be presumed from the title of the next article, and is probably no other than a book mentioned in Ames's Tip. Antiq. 329, by the title of A Defence of the Answer to the Admonition, folio. 1574. Printed by Bynneman.

"2. A Second Replie of Cartwright (his name at length) against Whitgift's Second Answer, 4to. 1575. No place.

"3. The rest of the Second Replie of Cartwright against Whitgift's Second Answer.

"Upon a reference to these several publications of Cartwright, and a careful examination of sundry passages cited from him by Hooker, it most evidently appears that, by "T. C. Lib. is meant No. 1, as above described.

"By T. C. Lib. 3. No. 3.

"But here it is to be observed, that the references to Lib. 1. agree but with one edition of it, namely, that which has the table to the principal points at the beginning, and not at the end, as the other has. The difference between them is, that in the former, the numbers of the pages commence with the Address to the Church of England; in the latter with the book itself: so that to give one instance of difference, this passage It is no small Injury' is to be found in page 25 of one edition, and in page 14 of the other.

"In Ames's Typ. Antiq. 329, is this article, which seems to be a collateral branch of the controversy,' A Defence of the Ecclesiastical Regiment of England defaced, by T. C. in his Replie against D. Whitgift, D. D.' 12mo.

1574.

"It does not appear that this defence is of Whitgift's writing, yet it has the name of his printer, Bynneman.'

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Fuller, in his Church History, Book Ix, 102, gives an account of Cartwright, and of his dispute with Whitgift, which is very erroneous; for he makes it to end at Whitgift's Defence of his Answer: nay, he goes farther, and assigns reasons for Cartwright's silence.

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