cause and for the benefit of greedy speculators? In former years he wrote against the methods of wronging juvenile offenders then in vogue under the name of reform, anticipating the advance of popular opinion since; and his protests against more recent methods of wronging school children by miscalled education are receiving increasing justification. As he himself wrote in careless rhyme:

"Just before the age and just behind it
Are the honest fighting stations;

Whoso seeks for danger there will find it,
Stubborn knocks and scanty rations."

Of intimate personal relations he would not wish one to speak, or of his helpfulness and charities to individuals; for he did not believe that organized charity was the fulfilling of all the law and the commandments, or that the "worthy poor" were the only proper objects of sympathy and aid. He believed in the impulsive generosity that responds to need, however brought on-by improvidence or even by dissipation. A few lines found written on the back of a letter express an old-fashioned idea of charity:

"Why are there rich, why are there poor?
That those through yearning to relieve
The crown of sainthood may achieve,
And these through learning to endure.

"A fair reward for all who choose;

But those will simply feed their lusts,
And these repine o'er honest crusts,
And both the crown of sainthood lose."

One of his earliest contributions to magazine literature, if not the first, is alluded to below, and may be given here:

THE FOUNT OF CASTALY

I would the fount of Castaly
Had never wet my lips;
For woe to him that hastily
Its sacred water sips!

Apollo's laurel flourishes
Above that stream divine;
Its sacred virtue nourishes
The leaves of love and wine.

No naiad, faun, or nereid
Preserves its haunts in charge,
Or watches o'er the myriad
Of flowers about its marge;

But aye around the caves of it
The muses chant their spells,
And charm the very waves of it,
As out that fountain wells.

Its joyous tide leaps crystally
Up 'neath the crystal moon,
And falling ever mistily

The sparkling drops keep tune.

The wavelets circle gleamily,
With lilies keeping trysts;
Fair emeralds glisten dreamily
Below, and amethysts.

Once taste that fountain's witchery
On old Parnassus' crown,
And to this world of treachery
Ah, never more come down!

Your joy will be to think of it,
'Twill ever haunt your dreams;
You'll thirst again to drink of it
Among a thousand streams!

The editor has attempted above to give something from Mr. O'Connor's own writing illustrating the chief events and interests of his quiet life, and in the selections following a transcript of his cherished opinions and his ways of thought. But this short sketch may well be followed by the words of a few of those who wrote lovingly of their appreciation of him and their grief at his death. At a memorial meeting held at the Delta Upsilon Chapter House, Mr. Jacob A. Hoekstra

made an address, Henry W. Conklin, Esq., read a poem and Dr. Edward B. Angell, Prof. Albert E. Wilcox and Rev. Dr. Walter Rauschenbusch spoke briefly. The address, the poem and the resolutions follow:

THE ADDRESS

In the hastily-prepared biographical sketches of Joseph O'Connor it has been said that he was of ScotchIrish descent. This is an error. His ancestors of the name were of the sept of the O'Connors of Offaly. There was, it is believed, an infusion of Anglo-Norman blood at an early day in this branch of the clan, and in the case of Mr. O'Connor's progenitors marriage had introduced an English element, itself a mixture, since, in the language of Defoe, an 'Englishman is of kin to all the world.' It will be remembered that among the twenty-five plantations of Ireland, most of them on a large scale, there was one which involved the Offaly district, the native Irish being in part exterminated and in part driven off to make room for the English colonists. This was in the reign of Queen Mary, and hence the King's and Queen's counties, named respectively for the reigning monarch and her consort, the King of Spain. At a subsequent time many of the native inhabitants returned and, naturally, there followed a mixture of races hard to trace, even by the most ingenious and, I may say, most imaginative of genealogists.

In connection with the study of family names, which are, at least on the paternal side, significant of ancestry, I have been curious to discover in the bearing and traits of men of various nationalities signs of the permanence of racial type; and in the case of our Irish-Americans, as they are called, it has seemed to me that the Norman blood when present was in many instances clearly discernible. At the time of the Conquest and long afterwards, when the institutions of Chivalry were in fullest flower, the Normans ranked as its leading exemplars, and, as they were at the same time the most polished as well as the most warlike nation of Europe, they brooked no claim of superiority when in contact with men of other nationalities. There was withal engend

ered in them a spirit of proud independence, and of this I have noticed, as I imagined, a decided touch in prominent representatives of the Burkes, the Barrys and the Fitz Simonses of our own city; and was not O'Connor indebted to the same source for a full measure of the like spirit?

I need not trace in detail Joseph O'Connor's life history, for it is fresh in your recollection from the very full and generally accurate accounts which have appeared since he departed from us. His early home life was an exceptionally happy one. I can see the brothers sitting about a large table littered with wellworn books and a liberal supply of foolscap, discussing some literary topic or engaged in writing, it might be a bit of verse or an article, but ever ready to spring to their feet and give a cheery welcome to a youthful friend of like tastes, who chanced to call on them. Not that they were indifferent to manly sports and pastimes. In athletics Michael particularly excelled, and the youngest of the family easily outclassed his associates in the games of youth, his grace being no less conspicuous than his skill in every exercise, from skating, of which he was very fond, to ball-play, for which he had a special aptitude.

Fond as O'Connor was of sports in his younger years, I never knew him to start out with rod or gun. I mention this for the reason that, in the conversations of a later period, he was disposed to regard as at least an open question our assumed right to take the life of animals. Life is sweet to the meanest creature, and O'Connor could not in his later days reproach himself, in the presence of the doubt of which I speak, with having taken it at any time in the mere love of sport.

In all these years there was no break in young O'Connor's schooling. As he learned easily and had a tenacious memory, it was no task for him to maintain his standing in class either in the grammar or the high school, which he entered in his sixteenth year. There he soon attracted the notice of the instructors, who one and all predicted for him a future of unusual brightness. In the university there grew up between the student and President Anderson a strong personal friendship, one which was severed only by death. It

was a common event during the years O'Connor was editor of "The Post Express" to see Dr. Anderson wending his way to that newspaper's editorial rooms for a confidential interchange of views with his old pupil. They met as equals in intellectual strength and complete manhood and yet in other ways so differentthe doctor intensely practical, for all his scholastic acquirements, and the editor, in his devotion to lofty ideals, often out of harmony with the opinions and passions of the hour.

Of Mr. O'Connor's personal characteristics I need not speak in detail to the members of this chapter. It should, however, be said that he was of an exceedingly sensitive nature, and partly to this was due a certain shyness which was long in wearing off. In his younger years he felt keenly the prejudice then existing against the Irish blood that flowed in his veins-a prejudice which was afterwards transferred to the next large body of immigrants, those of the Teutonic race, and from which the Italians among us are now the sufferers. It was like him to come to the defense of these rivals of the ant as workers, in the column that was so long the vehicle of his thoughts and opinions.

A friend said to me only last week, "Well as I knew Mr. O'Connor, I never felt that I could get close to him. There was always something like reserve in his manner and speech even when I met him in his own home." The explanation lies partly in the personal trait I have mentioned and as much or more in O'Connor's almost instinctive consideration for the opinions and feelings of others, and the self-restraint thus nobly caused might easily be mistaken for reserve.

I will not attempt here to summarize Mr. O'Connor's opinions, referring only to those which had a close connection with his career. As to the secret of success, a subject which is so often in argument, he thought that it lay, to a larger degree than is generally admitted, in opportunity, and he pertinently asked what would have been the life history of Ulysses S. Grant but for the Civil war. It is often said that in these United States every man has free scope and opportunity to rise, but the fact remains, whether for good or ill, that the great mass of men, here as elsewhere, must be hewers