as well as JUST, RIGHT and WRONG', are all merely Participles poetically embodied, and substantiated by those who use them. So CHURCH, for instance, (Dominicum, aliquid) is an Adjective; and formerly a most wicked one; whose misinterpretation caused more slaughter and pillage of mankind than all the other cheats together. F.-Something of this sort I can easily perceive; but not to the extent you carry it. I see that those sham deities FATE and DESTINY-aliquid Fatum, quelque chose Destinée-are merely the past participles of Fari and Destiner3. ["These two Princes beyng neighbours, the one at Milan the other at Parma, shewed smal frendshyp the one to the other. But Octavio was evermore wrong to the worse by many and sundry spites."—R. Ascham's Letters, p. 12.] 2 [Kupiak-os, -ov, -o: edifice, or sect, or clergy, &c.] 3 ["Quid enim aliud est FATUM, quam quod de unoquoque nostrûm Deus Fatus est."-Minucius Felix, Octavius. "Id actum est, mihi crede, ab illo, quisquis formator universi fuit; sive ille Deus est potens omnium; sive incorporalis Ratio, ingentium operum artifex; sive divinus spiritus per omnia maxima ac minima æquali intentione diffusus; sive FATUM et immutabilis caussarum inter se cohærentium Series."-Seneca Consolatio ad Helviam, edit. Lipsii, 4to. 1652. p. 77. 'On FATE alone man's happiness depends, To parts conceal'd FATE'S prying pow'r extends: Dryden's Juvenal, Sat. 9. ""Tis FATE that flings the dice; and, as she flings, Of kings makes pedants, and of pedants, kings."-Ibid. Sat. 7. "And think'st thou Jove himself with patience then And leaves his bus'ness to be done by FATE?" "E pure Dryden's translation of Persius, Sat. 2. Trovasi ancor chi, per sottrarsi a' Numi, Forma un Nume del CASO: e vuol ch'il mondo Metastasio, Ciro riconosciuto, att. 2. sc. 2. "I can giue no certaine iudgement, whether the affaires of mortall men are gouerned by FATE and immutable NECESSITIE, or haue their course and change by CHANCE and FORTUNE." "Others are of opinion thate FATE and DESTINY may well stand with the course of our actions, yet nothing at all depend of the planets and That CHANCE' ("high Arbiter" as Milton calls him) and his twin-brother ACCIDENT, are merely the participles of Escheoir, Cheoir, and Cadere. And that to say-" It befell me by CHANCE, or by ACCIDENT,"-is absurdly saying" It fell by falling." And that an INCIDENT, a CASE, an ESCHEAT, DECAY, are likewise participles of the same verb. I agree with you that PROVIDENCE, PRUDENCE, INNOCENCE, SUBSTANCE, and all the rest of that tribe of qualities (in Ence and Ance) are merely the Neuter plurals of the present participles of Videre, Nocere, Stare, &c. &c. That ANGEL, SAINT, SPIRIT are the past participles of ayyeddew, Sanciri, Spirare3. starres; but proceed from a connexion of naturall causes as from their beginning."-Annales of Tacitus, translated by Greenwey. 1622. 6 booke. p. 128. "Oh! come spesso il mondo Ma la cagion non sa. E chiama poi fortuna E il suo difetto adora Cangiato in Deità." Metastasio, Il Tempio dell' Eternità.] 1 CHANCE (Escheance). 2 "The daie is go, the nightes cHAUNCE Hath derked all the bright sonne." Gower, lib. 8. fol. 179. p. 1. col. 2. "Next him, high Arbiter CHANCE governs all."-Paradise Lost, book 2. ["Some think that CHANCE rules all, that NATURE steers Juvenal, Sat. 13. by Creech. "Sunt qui in FORTUNE jam casibus omnia ponant, " NATURA Solvente vices et lucis et anni."-Juv. Sat. 13. Queste gran maraviglie falsamente Son state attribuite alla FORTUNA, Con dir, che in questa cosa ell' è potente Sopra quelle, che son sotto la luna." Orlando Innamorato (da Berni), cant. 8. st. 4.] In the same manner Animus, Anima, IIvevua, and ʊxn, are participles. Anima est ab Animus. Animus vero est a Græco Aveμos, quod dici volunt quasi Λεμος, ab Aw, sive Λεμι, quod est rew : et Latinis a I see besides that ADULT', APT, and ADEPT are the past participles of Adoleo and Apio. That CANT, CHAUNT, ACCENT, CANTO, CANTATA, are the past participles of Canere, Cantare and Chanter. That the Italian Cucolo, a cuckow, gives us the verb To Cucol, (without the terminating D,) as the common people rightly pronounce it, and as the verb was formerly and should still be written. "I am cuckolled and fool'd to boot too." B. and Fletcher, Women pleas'd. "If he be married, may he dream he 's cuckold." Ibid. Loyal Subject. To Cucol, is, to do as the cuckow does : and Cucol-ed, Cucol'd, Cucold, its past participle, means Cuckow-ed, i. e. Served as the cuckow serves other birds3. spirando, Spiritus. Imo et Yvxn est a ¥vxw, quod Hesychius exponit Πνεω. "Animam pro vento accipit Horat. ' Impellunt Anima lintea Thraciæ.' "Pro Halitu accipit Titinius; Interea foetida Anima nasum oppugnat.' "Et Plautus-Asin. act. 5. sc. 11. 'Dic, amabo, an fœtet Anima uxoris tuæ.' A posteriori hac significatione interdum bene maleve animatus dicitur, cui Anima bene maleve olet. Sic sane interpretantur quidam illud Varronis, Bimargo: "Avi et atavi nostri, cum allium ac cæpe eorum verba olerent, tamen optime animati erant."-Vossii Etym. Lat. "Adolere proprie est crescere, ut scribit Servius ad Ecl. viii. Unde et Adultum pro Adoltum, sive Adolitum."-Vossii Etym. Lat. "Apio, sive Apo, antiquis erat Adligo, sive vinculo comprehendo : prout scribit Festus in Apex. Servius ad x. Æn. Isidorus, lib. xix. cap. XXX. Confirmat et Glossarium Arabico-Latinum; ubi legas-Apio, Ligo. Ab Apio quoque, Festo teste, Aptus is dicitur, qui convenienter alicui junctus est, &c. "Ab Apio est Apiscor: nam quæ Apimus, id est, comprehendimus, ea Apiscimur. Ab Apisci, Adipisci, &c."-Vossii Etym. Lat. 3 Nothing can be more unsatisfactory and insipid than the labours (for they laboured it) of Du Cange, Mezerai, Spelman, and Menage, concerning this word. Chaucer's bantering etymology is far preferable. "that opprobrous name coKOLD; Ransake yet we wolde if we might The very A DATE is merely the participle Datum, which was written. by the Romans at the bottom of their Epistles. AS DEBT [i. e. Debit] is the past participle of Debere; so DUE is the past participle of Devoir, and VALUE of Valoir. ["Like as (O captaine) this farre seeing art Of lingring vertue best beseemeth you, So vigour of the hand and of the hart Of us is lookt, as DEBET by us Dew." Godfrey of Bulloigne, cant. 5. st. 6. translated by R. C. Esq. printed 1594.] DITTO (adopted by us together with the Italian method of The wel and grounde of the first inuencion "As of one cause to gyue very iudgement Eche letter an hole worde dothe represent, K, is for knaue, thus diuers men holde, The first parte of this name we haue founde, "As the first finder mente I am sure C, for Calot, for of, we haue o, L, for Leude, D, for Demeanure, The crafte of the enuentour ye may se, lo, Howe one name signyfyeth persons two, A colde olde Knaue, COKOLDE him selfe wening, Remedye of Loue, fol. 341. p. 2. col. 1. Junius, Vossius and Skinner were equally wide of the mark. "Inepte autem Celta, eosque imitati Belgæ, cUCULUM vocant illum qui, uxorem habens adulteram, alienos liberos enutrit pro suis: nam tales Currucas dicere debemus, ut patet ex natura utriusque avis, et contrario usu vocis CUCULI apud Plautum."-Vossii Etym. Lat. "Hi plane confuderunt CUCULUM et Currucam."--Junius. "Certum autem est nostrum CUCKOLD, non a Cuculo ortum duxisse : tales enim non Cuculi sunt, sed Curruca: non sua ova aliis supponunt; sed e contra, aliena sibi supposita incubant et fovent."-Skinner. The whole difficulty of the etymologists, and their imputation upon us of absurdity, are at once removed by observing, that, in English, we do not call them CUCULI, but cuculati (if I may coin the word on this occasion), i. e. We call them not Cuckows but cuckowed. Bookkeeping), DITTY (in imitation of the Italian verses), BAN DITE, BANDETTO, BANDITTI, EDICT, VERDICT, INTERDICT, are past participles of Dicere and Dire. 'No savage fierce, BANDITE, or mountaneer Will dare to soil her virgin purity."-Comus, ver. 426. A Roman sworder and BANDETTO slaue Murder'd sweet Tully."-2d Part of Henry VI. 1st fol. p. 138. ALERT (as well as Erect) is the past participle of Erigere, now in Italian Ergere: All' erecta, All' ercta, All' erta. [" Rinaldo stava ALL' ERTA, attento e accorto." 'Orlando Innamorato (da Berni), lib. 1. cant. 5. st. 9. "Fra se pensando il modo e la maniera Di salir sopra al scoglio ERTO e villano." Ibid. lib. 1. cant. 5. st. 73. Veggonsi in varie parti a cento a cento Ma tratto dal desío s' inoltra, e sale, Altri con forza al desiderio uguale Supera l' ERTA.” Metastasio, La Strada della Gloria, edit. Parigi. 1781. vol. 8. p. 317. "Tu rendi sol la maestà sicura Di sorte rea contro l' ingiurie usate, Non le fosse profonde, o l' ERTE mura.” Metastasio. Edit. 1781. La Pubblica Felicità, tom. 9. "Il palafren, ch'avea il demonio al fianco, Portò la spaventata Doralice, Che non potè arrestarla fiume, e manco p. 321.] Orlando Furioso, cant. 27. st. 5. "Tu vedrai prima A L'ERTA andare i fiumi, "Chi mostra il piè scoperto, e chi gambetta, Ibid. cant. 33. st. 60. Morgante, cant. 19. st. 173. |